The state of Sergipe is the smallest in territorial extension among all the units of the Federation. In this state, different landscapes are perceived, a direct result of their characteristics related to relief, climate, vegetation and hydrography. Below are the main natural aspects of the state:
Relief
The topography of Sergipe's territory is relatively flat. Restricted areas of modestly undulating relief are also found, which results in an altitude that does not exceed 300 meters. The plains are present in the north of the state, and in the northwest are the plateaus.
Climate
In the state of Sergipe, the following climates are identified: hot and humid tropical (occurs on the coast of the state, has a temperature of 25°C and three months of dry), tropical hot and semi-humid (occurs in a transition area between the coast and the sertão, the average annual temperature is 30°C, the dry period covers 4 to 6 months) and tropical hot and semi-arid (corresponds to the sertão range, where the average annual temperature is 40°C, the dry period lasts about 8 months).
Vegetation
As for vegetation cover, there is a predominance of coastal vegetation (coconut trees, undergrowth and mangroves) and caatinga in the center of the state. In the past there were forests (Atlântica) that were destroyed for urban occupation, agriculture and cattle raising and wood extraction.
Hydrography
Without a doubt, the main river in the state is the São Francisco, however, there are others that are of great importance to its people, such as the Piauí, Sergipe, Vaza-Barris, Real and Japaratuba rivers.
By Eduardo de Freitas
Graduated in Geography
Source: Brazil School - https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/brasil/aspectos-naturais-sergipe.htm