Science lesson plan

O ground is the surface layer of Earth, resulting from weathering and decomposition of rocks, where living beings live and grow their food.

In that lesson plan on soil characteristics, students will be able to collect soils, observe the characteristics of each sample that will be collected around the school.

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Lesson plan - Soil characteristics

THEME: soil characteristics

SUGGESTED TIME: 2 classes

GOALS:

• Identify soil components;
• Collect different types of soil;
• Compare the types of soil present at the school or nearby observing color, texture, moisture, particle size and permeability.

MATERIAL REQUIRED:

• Paper bags or glasses;
• Sample identification labels;
• Pencil;
• Gardening kit to collect samples;
• Soil from different areas of the school, we suggest from the outside, from the recreation area and from the vegetable garden, if available at the school;
• Preferably white trays, if this is not possible, use sulphite paper at the bottom;
• PET bottles (can be small) cut in half, so that the cap part forms a small cup;
• Water.

DEVELOPMENT:

For this class to be better performed, children should have prior knowledge about what is soil and that the types of soil may vary, depending on the environment where it is found, the amount of organic matter, vegetation, climate, training time, type of rock matrix, human interference, etc.

First, introduce the class theme to the students and ask what types of soil they know. Direct the answers to find different soils, even if it is by colors like “red earth” and “black earth”.

Ask students what they think the soil around the school looks like. Let them explore all hypotheses, without thinking about whether they are right or wrong. Encourage everyone to participate in this moment.

Now that you are used to the subject of the day, invite the students to take a walk around the school, take the gardening kit, paper bags, labels and pencils.

Teacher(The), remember that the places chosen for the walk and collection must be previously defined by you and the school coordination, valuing the safety of the students.

Take the route with the students, observing everything in the soil, the vegetation, the exposure to Sun, etc. Collect small samples from each chosen location and identify with tags.

Upon returning to the room, place each soil on a tray and observe. Organize students into groups to make this step easier.

Then, ask them to describe in their notebook the main characteristics observable in the collected soils. Suggest that they use data such as: color, grain size, whether it is loose or compact, tactile sensation, whether it has stones, etc. Remind them to also note the characteristics of the place where the soil was collected.

Then set up the following experiment:

• Put some of the soil in the cut pet bottle, so that the soil is in the mouth of the bottle;
• Open the lid and carefully pour some water;
• Note the time it takes for water to pass through each type of soil.

After analyzing all the soils, make a summary of the main characteristics, write it on the board and relate them to the climate and relief Of region.

End the lesson by showing the students that even in a small place like the school, there can be different types of soil.

ASSESSMENT:

The evaluation of this class can be done through participation in the classroom and in the practical activity.

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See too:

• Science Lesson Plan – Water Cycle – Elementary School
• Science lesson plan - Sustainable use of water - Elementary School
• Lesson Plan – Marine Animals – 3rd year of Elementary School