Learning it is a phenomenon or one method related to the act or effect of learn. learning establishes Connections among certain stimuli and answers equivalents, causing an increase in the adaptation from a living being to its surroundings.
As a phenomenon that is part of pedagogy, learning is a modification of the individual's behavior as a result of experience. School learning is distinguished by its systematic and intentional character and by the organization of activities (stimuli) that trigger it, activities that fall within a framework of purposes and requirements determined by the institution school.
Psychological research on learning and the theories that emerged from it had a strong impact on pedagogy, contributing to the decay of traditional teaching. The central point of the teaching-learning process became the student's activity as an agent of their learning, thus ceasing to be the passive agent of the teaching taught by the teacher.
Learning difficulties result both from a deficient functioning of the school and are due to psychological or socio-cultural factors. Sensory and physical impairments (visual, auditory, motor) and physiological disorders give rise to specific types of learning difficulties.
In the field of ethology, learning is the fixation on the memory of environmental impressions. It is based on the modification of mechanisms of the central nervous system that, later, influence conduct guidelines.
The possibility or disposition of learning depends on the level of development of these mechanisms and is determined by the number of available neurons. Almost all animals can learn. In animals with a small brain, most neurons are used to establish inherited automatic circuits and few are available for learning. On the other hand, in animals with large brains (for example, in mammals) the number of neurons is sufficient to allow the formation of new circuits, which makes learning possible.
learning and development
Jean Piaget made a distinction between learning and development, stating that many people confuse the two concepts. According to the Swiss epistemologist, development is related not only to physical development, but also to refers to the nervous system and mental functions, being related to embryogenesis and knowledge structures. The concept of learning is simpler, as it happens through an intermediary (teacher), being a process limited to a simpler structure than development.
meaningful learning
Meaningful learning is an important concept in the theory of learning presented by David Ausubel. According to the American educational psychologist, meaningful learning implies that new content learned by the student are organized and form a hierarchy of concepts, and relate to knowledge previously internalized by the student.
organizational learning
Organizational learning is the learning absorbed by an organization, that is, it is the achievement knowledge that enable the company to create practices that will help it achieve results intended. Learning knowledge, values and skills can take place within or outside the organization's context, directly or indirectly, and contributes to the organization's success.
motor learning
Motor learning takes place when certain cognitive processes are linked to a movement practice that causes a constant change in the motor behavior of a given individual.
Learn more about the meaning of cognitive and cognition.