Nobleman and head of government of the Principality of Monaco born in the city of Monaco, who under his 55-year reign transformed a country almost non-existent in an urbanized jewel of Europe, a tax haven of 34,000 inhabitants, with strong economic development and touristic.
Son of Prince Pierre, Count of Polignac, who became a Grimaldi (1920), and of Princess Charlotte Louise Juliette Grimaldi, Duchess of Valentinois studied at Summerfield College in Great Britain, at Castle Rosey College in Switzerland and graduated from Montpellier, in France. He then entered the Faculty of Political Science in Paris. The princess mother had renounced her reign five years earlier and the prince took the throne (1949) after the death of her grandfather, Prince Louis II, who had died more than six months earlier.
Upon assuming the principality, the prince carried out a reform of the Constitution. With such a reform, he reduced the power of the monarchy and created an assembly, elected by the people. It sought to reduce Monaco's economic dependence on tourism, turning the principality into a tax haven, which brought dozens of banks and financial institutions to the country. Over time real estate business has also become a profitable activity.
He married (1956) Hollywood star Grace-Patricia Kelly (1929-1982) and from the marriage two children were born: Caroline (1957) and Stephanie (1965), and Crown Prince Albert Grimaldi (1958). His wife tragically died (1982) in an automobile accident in the hills of Monaco. At the end of the last century (1997) the monarch celebrated the 700th year of the Grimaldi dynasty in power. A widower, he died at the age of 81 in the principality's cardiothoracic center, victim of bronchopulmonary, cardiac and renal disorders, after a reign of 55 years. With the death of his father, Prince Regent Albert II became the new ruler of the principality.
Figure copied from PRINCIPAUTÉ DE MONACO:
www.oetp-monaco.com/
ATTACHMENT
(Excerpt adapted from the electronic edition of Folha Online on 04/06/2005)
Monaco became a private property of the Grimaldi Clan, a family of Genoese origin, in the late 13th century (1297). Soon the history of the Grimaldi as rulers of the principality of Monaco began more than 700 years ago and was continued for centuries thanks to a few kinship arrangements that even included the recognition of paternity of illegitimate children, which saved the natural interruptions in the lineage male.
The inheritance of the throne by the dead prince himself resulted from one of these arrangements. When he served in the French Foreign Legion (1897-1908), his grandfather Louis was in Algeria and impregnated the daughter of a modest servant. Thus was born (1898) Charlotte Louise-Juliette, who despite being illegitimate, was taken to Monaco and ended up being elevated to the rank of princess, since Louis had no legitimate children.
So, to ensure the Grimaldi family's continuity on the throne, Princess Charlotte married (1920) the Count Pierre de Polignac, who agreed to change his surname Polignac to Grimaldi, following the lineage familiar. Two children were born from the marriage, Antoinette (1921) and Rainier (1923). With the death of Pierre (1949), Louise would be taken to the status of princess-regent, but she abdicated the throne in favor of her son, then 25 years old.
Source: http://www.dec.ufcg.edu.br/biografias/
Order R - Biography - Brazil School
Source: Brazil School - https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/biografia/rainier-grimaldi.htm
