The pharmaceutical market offers endless options for the treatment of pain. Studies revealed that more than 1 billion people in the world suffer from chronic pain, and many of these cases do not require treatment. Taking medicine frequently, because of the pain, can generate chemical dependence and cause other reactions to the body.
It was while looking for a new alternative to analgesics that specialists from the Special Laboratory for Pain and Signaling (LEDS) at the Butantan Institute discovered a genetic mutation in TRPV1. The cell receptor is known to capture the heat of pepper and stimuli that can cause damage, causing the body not to feel the stimuli.
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The discovered mutation ensures that people lose sensitivity to pain.
Genetic mutation and resistance to pain
Fepesp supported the survey that was released in the The Journal of Clinical Investigation, establishing a partnership with the University Hospital of Münster, in Germany, and with Emory and Stanford universities, both in the USA. Scholars' prior knowledge referenced the popular study of birds.
Coincidentally, birds do not have harmful stimuli and do not feel the stimulus of spicy food due to the TRPV1 mutation.
The comparison was made by an investigation of the animal's genome and the genetic sequence of the TRPV1 receptor to try to locate the similarity with the human genome. They identified five birds with the mutation that referred to resistance to pain.
The collected samples were investigated by electronic microscope, concluding that the genetic mutation occurs in a small part of the K710 amino acid. There was control of TRPV1 protein channel opening and closing. The cell studies were confirmed in mice with the technique that confirmed the case.
TRPV1 functions as an anti-pain agent and also sets limits to other stimuli. You studies follow in order to control receptor function and try to reach the limit of pain control.
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