Recently, the James Webb Space Telescope surprised by capturing more than 45 thousand galaxies in a single image when observing a part of the sky in the universe.
However, scientists are now looking beyond that moment, seeking to unlock the secrets of evolution cosmic since the first light of the big Bang.
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A team of researchers at the University of Arizona is using Webb to delve deeper into the universe and time travel, investigating the events that occurred during this primordial phase of existence cosmic.
During the 242nd meeting of the American Astronomical Society, the team presented a stunning discovery. They identified hundreds of galaxies dating back to a time when the universe was just 4% of its current age, i.e. less than 600 million years old.
These observations were possible thanks to the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES), a project which aims to investigate the origins and evolution of galaxies through the study of deep regions of the space.
The origin of the galaxy is bigger than astronomy thought
According to Marcia Rieke, co-leader of the JADES program, the aim of the project is to investigate fundamental questions about the formation and evolution of galaxies.
She emphasizes the importance of understanding how the first galaxies arose, the rate of formation stellar in those early stages and the reasons why some galaxies interrupted this process.
According to the project's researchers, the gaseous haze that enveloped the universe during the "Epoch of Reionization" made it difficult for energetic light, such as X-rays and ultraviolet, to pass through.
However, using data obtained by the James Webb Space Telescope, they were able to identify 717 young galaxies, a larger number than expected.
Surprisingly, all these galaxies were already thousands of light-years across, indicating an accelerated process of cosmic evolution at this stage. The galaxies observed by the JADES project show a remarkable phenomenon called "surprisingly episodic bursts of star formation".
The discoveries have aroused the interest of researchers, who seek to unravel fundamental questions, such as the formation processes of the first galaxies, the speed at which they produced stars, and why some galaxies stopped this formation process altogether stellar.
This achievement provided astronomers with a significant amount of data, which will impact the initial discovery of galaxies.
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