For the transmission of electrical energy high voltages are required, however, these voltages cannot be supplied directly by a generator, be it alternating current or current to be continued. The largest generators at the plants provide voltages around 10000 V, thus, to carry out the power transmissions it is necessary to significantly raise the values of voltages provided by generators.
If the generator were of direct current, it would not be able to solve this problem, as a voltage riser, that is, a transformer, does not work with direct current. But with alternating current it is easy to solve this problem. It is necessary to keep in mind that before the voltage reaches the consumer centers it needs to be reduced and then distributed, as it is not advantageous for the consumer to receive high voltages. Thus, devices called transformers are used.
Transformers are alternating current devices and operate based on the electromagnetic principles of Faraday's Law and Lenz's Law. Used in various electrical installations, as well as in homes with the aim of increasing or decreasing the voltage that is supplied by electricity supply companies, these devices are built by a piece of iron called the transformer core, in which two coils are wound: the primary, which receives the desired voltage. modify; and the secondary, whose function is to transfer the modified voltage.
In order to reduce losses due to joule effects, the transformer core is laminated, as it reduces the induction of eddy currents or Eddy currents in the core itself, and consequently the energy losses to the environment, that is, transformation of electrical energy into energy thermal.
By Marco Aurélio da Silva
Brazil School Team
Electricity - Physics - Brazil School
Source: Brazil School - https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/fisica/transformador-transmissao-energia-eletrica.htm
