The Northern Region of Brazil is coveted all over the world, as it comprises an extensive forest with a great wealth of landscapes and natural resources that are still preserved. In the Amazon Forest there are several types of vegetation divided into parts, there are cerrado, grassland and coastal vegetation.
However, what predominates is the Amazon Forest, occupying approximately 80% of the entire northern region. In addition to the forest occupying most of the region, it covers parts of other states such as Mato Grosso and Maranhão and even other South American countries such as Suriname, Colombia and Peru.
The Amazon Forest has characteristics of tall trees and wide crowns, but this vegetation cover is defined according to the variations of the elements of nature such as relief, climate, humidity and the lithosols found dispersed in the region.
Given the complexity existing in the configuration of the Amazon Forest, it is evident that it has levels, they are:
Mata de Igapó: this subsystem is distributed in lower areas of the relief, corresponding to regions close to the banks of springs (rivers, lakes, streams etc), the main characteristic is that this vegetation is always flooded. The trees that make up this type of vegetation have a height of less than 20 meters, branched, and with a large presence of vines and aquatic plants.
Várzea Forest: it is found in higher areas compared to the igapó forests, it has an aspect of closed forest with a 20 meter tree and branches full of thorns.
Terra firme forest: this type of vegetation is composed of tall trees that reach between 30 and 60 meters in height. height, usually close, which favors the grouping of the crowns, thus preventing the entry of light from the Sun. Small trees and shrubs do not grow under these trees, due to the lack of light that favors the process of photosynthesis essential for the life of plants.
Semi-humid forest: corresponds to a type of transitional vegetation between other biomes, its coverage plant consists of trees with heights ranging between 15 and 20 meters, the trunks are thin and the crowns restricted.
Eduardo de Freitas
Graduated in Geography
Source: Brazil School - https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/brasil/a-regiao-norte-abriga-amazonia.htm
