Prayer: what it is, types, examples, exercises

Adjective subordinate clauses are those that exercise the function of an adjective.

Generally, they are introduced by relative pronouns (that, who, which, how much, where, whose, etc.), which act as an adnominal adjunct to the previous term. The adnominal adjunct has the value of an adjective.

Note the prayers:

I admire students scholars. (adjective)

I admire students who study. (adjectival subordinate clause, because it has the syntactic function of adnominal adjunct, that is, it has the value of an adjective).

Adjective subordinate clauses can be: explanatory and restrictive.

Explanatory subordinate adjective clauses

Separated by commas, explanatory subordinate clauses, as the name implies, better explain or clarify the term to which they refer.

Examples:

1) The final exam, which was very difficult, made everyone apprehensive.
Main prayer: The final exam left everyone apprehensive.
Explanatory subordinate clause: which was very difficult.

2) João, who is the calmest of the class, surprised everyone.

Main prayer: John surprised everyone.
Explanatory subordinate clause: who is the calmest of the bunch.

restrictive subordinate clauses

Unlike explanatory clauses, restrictive clauses restrict or delimit the meaning of their antecedent and are not separated by commas.

Examples:

1) People who are racist deserve to be punished.
main clause: People deserve to be punished.
restrictive subordinate clause: that are racist.

2) People who do not practice sport tend to be sicker.
main clause: People tend to be sicker.
restrictive subordinate clause: who do not practice sport.

Developed and reduced sentences

Adjective subordinate clauses can be developed or shortened.

To the developed subordinate clauses have the following characteristics:

• begin with a relative pronoun;
• contain verbs in the indicative or subjunctive moods.

To the reduced adjective subordinate clauses have the following characteristics:

• do not start with a relative pronoun;
• contain verbs in the infinitive, gerund or participle;
• according to the nominal forms used, sentences can be: reduced infinitive, reduced gerund or reduced participle.

Examples:

Developed prayers	reduced prayers
He was the first speaker who enchanted the audience.	He was the first to enchantsr the audience. (sentence reduced from infinitive)
I watched the performances of the elderly who sing.	I watched the performances of the elderly singing. (short sentence of gerund)
Tidy up the room that the child messed up.	Tidy up the room messy by the child. (short participle sentence)

Adjective subordinate clause exercises

1. (UFPA) There is, in the period, an adjective subordinate clause:

a) He said he would buy the house.
b) Don't speak loudly, that she can hear.
c) Let's go, the day is dawning.
d) In a team that wins, you don't move.
e) It seems that the test is not difficult.

2. (PUC-SP) Consider the word highlighted in this period:

“And there are myopic poets what think what it's the afterglow."

It introduces, respectively, sentences:

a) subordinate substantive noun complement and direct subordinate substantive objective.
b) direct objective subordinate substantive and predicative substantive subordinate.
c) subordinate restrictive adjective and subordinate subordinate adjective explanatory.
d) subordinate substantive predicative and subordinate substantive objective direct.
e) restrictive subordinated adjective and direct objective subordinated substantive.

3. (PUC-SP)

“João loved Teresa who loved Raimundo
who loved Maria who loved Joaquim who loved Lili
who didn't love anyone.
João went to the United States, Teresa to the convent,
Raimundo died of a disaster, Maria stayed with her aunt,
Joaquim committed suicide and Lili married J. Pinto Fernandes
who had not entered history.

^{Carlos Drummond de Andrade}

The first part of the poem (verses 1 to 3) is marked, syntactically, by the presence of ____________ clauses, whose introductory terms act as _______________.

a) subordinate restrictive adjectives – connectives – subjects.
b) explanatory syndetic coordinates – simple connectives.
c) subordinate comparative adverbials – simple connectives.
d) subordinate explanatory adjectives – connectives – subjects.
e) additive syndetic coordinates – simple connectives.