At prayers are a syntactic unit that contains at least one verb or verb phrase. They are usually formed by subject and predicate, but some do not have a subject, being formed only by the predicate. The clauses can be absolute, coordinated or subordinate, depending on the relationship they establish with other clauses.
Read too: After all, what is a subject?
Topics of this article
- 1 - Summary about prayer
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2 - What is prayer?
- Prayer with subject
- Prayer without subject
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3 - Types of prayer
- absolute prayer
- coordinated prayer
- Subordinate clause
- 4 - Phrase, prayer and period
- 5 - Solved exercises on prayer
Summary about prayer
Sentences are utterances endowed with meaning that present verb.
They are formed by subject and predicate, or just by the predicate.
They can be classified as absolute, coordinate or subordinate, depending on the type of relationship they establish with other clauses.
Sentences are any utterance endowed with meaning. Sentences are utterances endowed with meaning that necessarily have a verb in their composition. Periods are statements made up of one or more clauses, which can establish a relationship of meaning with each other.
What is prayer?
In grammar, prayer is every utterance with complete meaning that has at least one verb in its structure. See the following two sentences:
How are you?
No we arrived so late.
The first utterance is a sentence, since it has a complete sense, but it is not a sentence, since it has no verb. The second utterance, in addition to being a sentence, is also a sentence, since it has a verb (“we arrived”).
A clause is a sentence that, because it has a verb, can usually be structured into a subject and a predicate (although there are also clauses without a subject, formed only by the predicate). Look:
Prayer with subject
subject + predicate
My momalways finds lost objects around the house.
Prayer without subject
predicate
There were many lost objects around the house.
In the first clause, there is a subject (“my mother”) performing the action of the verb (“to find”). In the second clause, the verb “there was” does not have a subject, as it is impersonal. In this case, the entire sentence is composed of predicate.
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types of prayer
There are a few types of clauses in grammar, classified on the basis of their relationship to other clauses. There are absolute clauses, coordinate clauses and subordinate clauses.. See the following statement:
They were eight o'clock in the morning.I I woke up, but was unwell.I sat down into bedfor create mood.
absolute prayer + coordinated prayer + coordinated prayer + main prayer + subordinate clause
In this utterance, there are five clauses:
(1) They were eight o'clock in the morning.
(2) I I woke up,
(3) but was unwell.
(4) I sat down into bed
(5) for create mood.
Next, we will understand how these different clauses are classified based on their relationship to the other clauses in the utterance.
absolute prayer
It's the prayer that does not establish a relationship of meaning with another sentence, being isolated and independent of any other in an utterance. Returning to the statement:
They were eight o'clock in the morning.I I woke up, but was unwell.I sat down into bedfor create mood.
In the utterance, the sentence “It was eight o'clock in the morning” is absolute, since it is not linked to any other sentence in it.
coordinated prayer
It is the prayer that appears in the same period as another prayer, but is independent and can be understood in isolation. Returning to the statement:
They were eight o'clock in the morning.I I woke up, but was unwell.I sat down into bedfor create mood.
The sentences “I woke up” and “I was indisposed” appear together, linked by the conjunction "but". The two clauses are coordinated because, although they are together, they could be understood in isolation, and they are independent of each other. Thus, they have the same syntactic value, without having a main and a dependent one.
coordinated prayers can be classified as syndetic or syndetic. Asyndectics have no conjunction linking the clauses, while syndetic ones have conjunction to link one clause to another. Furthermore, syndetic coordinate clauses have their own subclassification according to the relationship of meaning established between the clauses, which can be additive, adversative, alternative, conclusive or explanatory.
Syndetic coordinated prayer | |
additive |
express addition, sum |
adversative |
expresses opposition |
alternative |
indicates alternation, choose |
conclusive |
indicates conclusion |
explanatory |
indicates cause, explanation |
Subordinate clause
It is the prayer that appears in the same period as another, being dependent on it to be understood. the subordinate clause need a main sentence to make sense, with which it links in the utterance.
They were eight o'clock in the morning.I I woke up, but was unwell.I sat down into bedfor create mood.
The prayers “I sat down on the bed” and “to create cheer” are linked through the preposition "for". The prayer “I sat down on the bed” is the main one, as it is independent and can be understood if it appears alone. On the other hand, the clause “to create courage” is the subordinate clause, as it would not present complete meaning if it appeared isolated, it needs the main clause to be understood.
Subordinate clauses, as they depend syntactically on other clauses, can be classified according to the function performed in relation to the main clause. They can be classified as subordinate noun clauses, adjectives or adverbials. Each of these three types has its own subclassifications according to the established meaning relationship.
Subordinate clause | ||
noun |
subjective |
performs the function of subject |
direct objective |
acts as a direct object |
|
indirect objective |
acts as an indirect object |
|
nominal completive |
performs the function of nominal complement |
|
predicative |
performs a predicate function |
|
appositive |
plays the role of bet |
|
adjective |
explanatory |
specifies a feature |
restrictive |
constrains based on a characteristic |
|
Adverbial |
causal |
expresses cause |
comparative |
establishes comparison |
|
concessive |
indicates permission |
|
conditional |
indicates condition |
|
conformative |
express agreement |
|
consecutive |
indicates consequence |
|
Final |
express purpose |
|
temporal |
indicates time circumstance |
|
proportional |
establishes proportion |
Phrase, prayer and period
THE sentence is any utterance with complete meaning. It can be a minimal unit of meaning, formed only by a single word, provided that it has a complete meaning. In the interjection “ai!”, for example, there is a sentence, since it is understood that it is a interjection that expresses pain.
THE clause is a sentence that contains at least one verb. It has a structure that usually has a subject and a predicate, but may only have a predicate in some cases.
Already the period is a sentence organized into one or more clauses. The simple period is formed by just one sentence. The compound sentence is made up of more than one clause, and the clauses are organized to make sense of each other.
Definition |
Examples |
|
Phrase |
utterance with complete sense |
There! |
Prayer |
utterance with complete sense |
There, felt much pain! |
Period |
sentence consisting of one or more clauses, |
Simple period: Are you okay? |
Read too: How to change a sentence in active voice into passive?
Solved exercises on prayer
question 1
(FGV — adapted)
“Those with the ability to help them, if not stimulated by competitive scenarios, will be doomed to not find motivation to perform their duties.” (L.81-83)
Regarding the period above, analyze the following items:
I. The period consists of four clauses.
II. There are three shortened prayers.
III. There is a coordinated prayer.
Tick:
A) if all items are correct.
B) if only item II is correct
C) if only item III is correct.
D) if only item I is correct.
E) if none of the items is correct.
Reply
alternative D. In the period, there are four clauses (“those with the ability to help them”, “if not stimulated by competitive scenarios”, “they will be doomed” and “not finding motivation to perform their duties”. There are no reduced prayers or coordinated prayers.
question 2
(FGV — adapted)
“I lead your smooth hand / Up a spiral staircase / And at the top of the tower I show you the clothesline / Where my soul swings aimlessly” (verses 22 to 25)
Taking the above snippet as a compound period, there are:
A) three clauses, two of which are subordinate.
B) three clauses, one of which is subordinate.
C) four clauses, being two coordinates.
D) four clauses, one being a coordinate.
E) two clauses, one being a coordinate.
Reply
Alternative B. There are three prayers: “I lead your smooth hand up a spiral staircase”, “and, at the top of the tower, I show you the clothesline” and “where my soul swings aimlessly”. In this period, the first two clauses are coordinated (establishing an addition relationship with each other) and the last one is subordinate, depending on the second clause to make sense.
By Guilherme Viana
Grammar teacher
