Test your knowledge of the Peripheral Nervous System with 10 questions Next. Check the comments after the feedback to get your questions answered.
question 1
The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) is one of the divisions of the Nervous System. Its function is
a) Encourage the internal organs to carry out their functions
b) Connect nerve endings to body organs
c) Generate electrical signals that trigger the cranial and spinal nerves
d) Transporting information from the Central Nervous System to peripheral organs
Correct alternative: d) Transporting information from the Central Nervous System to peripheral organs.
The Peripheral Nervous System is responsible for connecting the Central Nervous System to the organs and, thus, transporting information by transmitting nerve impulses (electric impulses) to coordinate the activities performed by the body human.
question 2
According to the anatomy of the Peripheral Nervous System, it is correct to state that
a) The SNP is formed by a set of nerve endings, which are divided into cranial nerves and peripheral nerves.
b) The SNP is formed by only three types of nerves, which are classified according to their function into sensory, motor and efferent.
c) The SNP is formed by nerves, which are bundles of nerve fibers, and by ganglia, which are clusters of neurons.
d) The SNP is formed by nerve ganglia, which send signals from the CNS to the body, and by nerves, which take the opposite route in carrying information.
Correct alternative: c) The SNP is formed by nerves, which are bundles of nerve fibers, and by ganglia, which are clusters of neurons.
The components of the Peripheral Nervous System are the nerves and the nerve ganglia.
Nerves are bundles of nerve fibers surrounded by connective tissue, which transmit information from the CNS to the peripheral organs and vice versa.
Altogether, there are 31 pairs of spinal nerves, which start in the spinal cord, and 12 pairs of cranial nerves, which start from the brain. Nerve ganglia are clusters of neurons scattered throughout the body.
question 3
Relate the type of nerve in column 1 to its characteristics in column 2.
| Column 1 | Column 2 |
| 1. afferent nerves | ( ) send signals from the CNS to the muscles and glands. |
| 2. efferent nerves | ( ) send signals from the periphery of the body to the CNS. |
| 3. mixed nerves | ( ) are nerves formed by sensory fibers and motor fibers. |
The correct sequence that fills column 2 is
a) 1, 2, 3
b) 2, 1, 3
c) 3, 2, 1
d) 1, 3, 2
Correct alternative: b) 2, 1, 3
( 2 ) Efferent nerves, also called motor nerves, send signals from the CNS to muscles and glands.
( 1 ) Afferent nerves, also called sensory nerves, send signals from the periphery of the body to the CNS.
( 3 ) Mixed nerves are nerves formed by sensory fibers, which send information to the CNS, and motor fibers, which transmit information from the CNS.
question 4
Which of the alternatives below DOES NOT show the Peripheral Nervous System divisions regarding its function?
a) Somatic and Autonomic Nervous System
b) Cranial and Spinal Nervous System
c) Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous System
Correct alternative: b) Cranial and Spinal Nervous System.
The SNP is divided into Somatic Nervous System, which acts in voluntary functions, and Autonomic Nervous System, which regulates involuntary functions.
As for the components, the SNP is formed by cranial nerves, originating in the brain, and spinal nerves, originating in the spinal cord. Besides them, there are also the nerve ganglia.
The Autonomic Nervous System is further subdivided into the Sympathetic Nervous System, which stimulates the functioning of the organs, and the Parasympathetic Nervous System, which inhibits the functioning.
question 5
By regulating the voluntary actions of the body, the Somatic Nervous System acts
a) under the motor neurons
b) under skeletal muscles
c) in the stimulation of the axial skeletal system
d) in the regulation of the muscular system
Correct alternative: b) under skeletal muscles.
The Somatic Nervous System, also called the Voluntary Nervous System, acts on the muscles that cover the skeleton and are attached to the bones. Therefore, its function is to control the skeletal musculature of voluntary contraction initiating movement.
question 6
The Autonomic Nervous System works integrated with the Central Nervous System to control activities that involve the components of the human body, EXCEPT
a) smooth musculature
b) glands
c) cardiac musculature
d) hippocampus
Correct alternative: d) hippocampus.
The Autonomic Nervous System acts in the involuntary functions of the body. Therefore, it acts on smooth muscles, cardiac musculature and glands.
The hippocampus is part of the limbic system, which is responsible for coordinating the individual's social activities.
question 7
Note the organic activities below.
I. contract the pupil
II. stimulate salivation
III. reduce heart rate
IV. slow down breathing
Which division of the Nervous System is responsible for regulating them?
a) Parasympathetic Nervous System
b) Sympathetic Nervous System
c) Somatic Nervous System
d) Autosomal Nervous System
Correct alternative: a) Parasympathetic Nervous System.
The Parasympathetic Nervous System is responsible for inhibiting the functioning of the organs, that is, it resumes the normal activity of the body after a sympathetic stimulus, when we are on the run, for example.
Therefore, it performs activities such as contracting the pupil, stimulating salivation and digestion, reducing heart rate and slowing down breathing.
question 8
(CESGRANRIO) It is common to hear expressions such as: “My heart raced”, “I was so nervous that I started to sweat”, “I felt my mouth dry”. These reactions are characteristic of an altered emotional state, and are controlled under the action of:
a) autonomic nervous system.
b) somatic nervous system.
c) thyroid hormones.
d) cerebellar nerves.
e) spinal nerve center.
Correct alternative: a) Autonomic nervous system.
The Autonomic Nervous System controls the involuntary activities of the body.
One of its divisions is the Sympathetic Nervous System, which works by stimulating the functioning of the organs and thus producing the body's responses described in the statement: increased heart rate, sweating and inhibition of salivation.
question 9
The Autonomic Nervous System is divided into two parts that act in opposite functions. What are these divisions and exemplify the antagonistic actions of these systems.
Suggested Answer:
The Autonomic Nervous System is divided into Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous System that perform opposite functions.
The Sympathetic Nervous System stimulates the functioning of the organs. For example, when we are in an escape situation while running, this system causes our heart rate to increase.
The Parasympathetic Nervous System acts by inhibiting the functioning of the organs. In the situation mentioned above, when we slow down and return to normality, this system will reduce the heartbeat, which will return to the state prior to the sympathetic stimulus.
question 10
(PUC–SP/2007) By releasing acetylcholine, the nerve fiber
a) sympathetic promotes increased heart rate.
b) parasympathetic promotes a decrease in heart rate.
c) sympathetic promotes a decrease in heart rate.
d) parasympathetic promotes increased heart rate.
e) sympathetic and parasympathetic do not change the heart rate.
Correct alternative: b) parasympathetic promotes decreased heart rate.
Acetylcholine is the main neurotransmitter hormone released by the Parasympathetic Nervous System to inhibit the functioning of an organ and, therefore, the heart rate decreases.
Gain more knowledge with the contents:
- Nervous system
- Central Nervous System
- Peripheral Nervous System
- Exercises on Nervous System
- Exercises on Central Nervous System
