it is understood by outsourcing the process by which an institution hires another company to provide a particular service. Currently, in the capitalist system in its financial phase, this practice has spread widely in all over the world, not being different in Brazil, where about 25% of the employed workforce is outsourced.
You outsourcing examples most common are related to the provision of specific services, such as cleaning and security. When you go to the bank, for example, you can see that the guards are not employees of the bank itself, but of a company specializing in security, which is also quite common in commercial buildings, schools, factories and others.
The causes of the increase in outsourcing in Brazil and in the world are related to the decrease in costs with employees. After all, for companies, it is cheaper for part of their labor to be hired by third parties, instead of keeping them under their own guardianship, which raises expenses with labor rights and possible work safety problems, such as indemnities and others questions.
In Brazil, however, there are certain restrictions on the practice of outsourcing. The main one is the prohibition of outsourcing for end activities, being allowed only the middle activities, that is, a candy factory, for example, can allocate cleaning, security and planning services to third-party companies, but cannot do the same for the company's main purpose, which is the production of sweets industrial. In this case, all employees working on the production line must be legally bound by the factory in question, and not to another company, with a formal contract and all rights correspondents.
Since 2004 it has been processed in the National Congress a proposal to change the regulation of outsourcing in Brazil. Recently, this proposal started to be much discussed when it gained priority in the handling of its vote, raising a series of controversial points about the process in question.
The first controversial point is precisely about the prohibition presented above. The bill also aims to allow outsourcing for core activities, that is, allowing practically all employees of the same company to be outsourced. Many union movements, in addition to jurists and specialists, claim that this proposal fully legitimizes the process of precariousness of work promoted by the outsourcing process, in addition to violating the Constitution Brazilian.
According to a survey carried out in 2010 by the Inter-Union Department of Statistics and Socio-Economic Studies (Dieese), outsourced employees received, on average, 27% less than directly hired employees who performed the same occupation. In addition, it was found that outsourced workers were subjected to a 7% longer working day and remained employed for less than half the time. In short: with outsourcing, according to these data, people work more, receive less, and the risk of being fired or leaving is greater.
Another controversial point refers to the proposal to transfer any and all responsibility for the labor rights of the employees in question to the outsourced company. Supporters of this measure argue that it would cut bureaucracy and ease the process, leaving labor issues entirely in the hands of a specific company. Critics, on the other hand, claim that this would transfer rights to less economically qualified companies and there would, therefore, greater risks of non-payment of salaries and charges, intensifying the process of diminishing the rights of workers.
In addition to the precariousness of working conditions, there is also another issue that generates much criticism in relation to the increase in outsourcing: a possible increase in the work analogous to slavery. Studies carried out by the University of Campinas (Unicamp) reveal that the absolute majority of workers rescued from these conditions was contracted by outsourced companies, including outsourcing for the production of clothing for major brands in the parents.
Proponents of the unrestricted work outsourcing project in Brazil argue, in turn, that this would reduce the informality, one of the biggest problems currently facing the country. It is stated that the outsourcing of core activities, although currently not allowed, is quite carried out illegally, generating a series of workers without formal registration and guaranteed rights in law.
As we can see, the issue of work outsourcing is quite complex and the subject of many discussions that pit businessmen and union members. In any case, this process has been exacerbated with the advance of globalization and the Financial Capitalism around the world, in addition to the Flexible Accumulation system, which, among its premises, defends the decentralization of productive activities.
By Me. Rodolfo Alves Pena
Source: Brazil School - https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/geografia/terceirizacao-trabalho.htm