At Araucaria Forests are found in the southern region of Brazil and in the highest relief points in the Southeast region. There are at least nineteen species of this type of vegetation, thirteen of which are endemic (exists in a specific place). They are found on Norfolk Island, southeastern Australia, New Guinea, Argentina, Chile and Brazil.
This vegetation cover develops in regions where the subtropical climate predominates, which presents severe winters and hot summers, with relatively high and well distributed rainfall during the year. Araucaria is a vegetable of the conifer family that can be cultivated for ornamental purposes, in miniatures.
The Paraná Pine or Araucaria (Araucaria angustifolia) was found abundantly in the past, currently in Brazil there are restricted preserved areas.
The trees that make up this particular vegetation cover have altitudes that can vary between 25 and 50 meters and trunks 2 meters thick. The seeds of these trees, known as pine nuts, can be ingested, the branches surrounding the entire central trunk. The determining factors for the development of this plant are climate and relief, as it occurs mainly in areas with higher relief.
Another peculiarity of araucarias is the restricted occurrence of flowers, from low temperatures, in addition to not developing other types of plants in the vicinity of pine trees. Therefore, the landscape composition of this vegetation is mainly characterized by spacing. among the trees, as there are no small plants that could give rise to dense vegetation; they are composed of thin forests.
Unfortunately, in Brazil, the proliferation of Araucaria is quite compromised and runs a serious risk of becoming extinct, a fact resulting from the productive activities developed for several decades in the region, especially in the extraction of wood and agricultural occupation, reducing the form to 3% original.
The Mata de Araucárias is at serious risk of becoming extinct.
By Eduardo de Freitas
Graduated in Geography
Source: Brazil School - https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/brasil/mata-araucarias.htm