THE Social exclusion designates a process of distancing and deprivation of certain individuals or social groups in different spheres of the structure of society.
It is an inherent condition of contemporary capitalism, that is, this social problem was driven by the structure of this economic and political system.
Thus, people who have this social condition suffer from different prejudices. They are marginalized by society and prevented from freely exercising their rights as citizens.
We can highlight financial conditions, religion, culture, sexuality, life choices, among others.
The socially excluded are generally ethnic, cultural and religious minorities. As examples, we have blacks, Indians, elderly, poor, homosexuals, drug addicts, unemployed, people with disabilities, among others.
Note that these people or social groups suffer from a lot of prejudice. This directly affects aspects of life, and, in many cases, it creates another problem called “social isolation”.
Social Exclusion in Brazil
In Brazil, social exclusion is far from being a solved problem. With so many inequalities and intolerant behaviors, our country has presented several cases of exclusion. Choices related to sexuality, religion and cultures stand out.
On the other hand, we can celebrate some progress in this area. As examples, we have the development of social projects and also the inclusion of subjects with cross-cutting themes in schools: cultural plurality, sexual orientation and ethics.
Topics like these are closely related to citizenship and aim at a less unequal and more tolerant social construction in our society.
In addition, the recognition of minority cultures remains allied with the aim of creating more tolerant citizens who are aware of their actions.
In the meantime, several social projects and programs have emerged with the aim of providing support for the visibility of these minority groups.
An example of this are the racial quotas developed by universities to include students of black or indigenous origin.
With this, these people add their voices to others, therefore having the opportunity to show their history and opinions on certain topics.
For drug addicts, we can mention cracolândia, located in the center of the city of São Paulo. In this place, several crack addicts walk the streets in search of drugs. They live in precarious hygienic conditions.
In this case, we can mention the neglect of the public system to deal with these people. Thus, they are completely excluded from society and treated in a hostile way.
Several attempts by the city hall are related to the requalification of the area. But the intention is to remove those people from there, without social projects associated with the recovery of drug addicts.
Although there are recent proposals for social programs aimed at these groups, this sad reality of social exclusion in cracolândia is still far from being resolved.
Of these programs implemented by the government of the State of São Paulo, the following stand out: "Recomeço" (2013), "Braços Abertos" (2014-2017) and "Redenção" (2017).
Social inclusion
THE Social inclusion it is a concept contrary to social exclusion. In other words, it deals with the different ways of including human beings who, for some reason, are excluded from society.
In short, social inclusion is a set of actions and measures that prioritize equal rights. It seeks access opportunities for all in order to end the problem of social exclusion.
Inclusion projects and programs from various institutions around the world have increasingly reduced the problem of exclusion.
Social Inequality and Social Exclusion
THE social inequality generated by misery, injustice and economic exploitation, has been a major social problem faced by many countries in the world.
For many, social inequality in the world begins with the introduction of the capitalist system, where there are producers and workers, or exploiters and exploited.
In this sense, the concept of social exclusion is closely related to inequality.
This is because it enhances the process of social exclusion. It generates poverty, misery, mortality, increased unemployment, increased violence and marginalization of part of society.
even though the social inequality in Brazil has decreased in recent years, the problem of social exclusion is notorious in several parts of the country.
Types of Social Exclusion
There are several types of social exclusion, of which the following stand out:
- Cultural and Ethnic Exclusion: concept attributed to ethnic and cultural minorities, for example, the exclusion of Indians.
- Economic Exclusion: determines the exclusion of people with lower incomes, for example, the poor.
- Age Exclusion: designates age exclusion, eg children and elderly.
- Sexual Exclusion: type of exclusion that is determined by different sexual preferences, for example, the exclusion of transsexuals.
- Gender Exclusion: related to male and female gender, for example, the exclusion of women.
- Pathological Exclusion: exclusion related to diseases, for example, those with HIV.
- Behavioral Exclusion: addresses destructive behaviors, for example, of drug addicts.
Read more about this subject:
- economic globalization
- Urban violence
- Violence in Brazil
- Illiteracy in Brazil
