THE painting is a very old artistic expression that uses coloring techniques on a two-dimensional surface. This type of manifestation accompanied the development of societies, however, from the 19th century, with the creation of photography, it suffered a decline. Currently, with the evolution of technology, painting acquires several techniques, models and trends.
Classification
The paintings can be Figuratives (with representations of reality) or abstract (non-representational). The most widespread genres of paintings are: still life, portraits, landscape, among others.
Painting and Aesthetics
Aesthetics is a concept that is linked to beauty and, therefore, it is fundamental but arts, for example, in creating images and combining tones, hues, textures. The concept of “beautiful” is based on the classical Greek and Roman aesthetics, which founded other later moments in the history of art, for example, the Cultural Renaissance.
Materials and Colors
The most used materials for making paintings are brushes, spatulas, roller, canvas, paper, wall, murals, paint.
Colors designate fundamental elements of the painting. They are extremely important for creating depth, volume and giving movement to paintings. To deepen your knowledge on the subject, access the articles:
- Colors
- Primary colors
- Secondary colors
- Hot colors
- cold colors
Drawing and Painting: Difference
What mainly differs the drawings from the painting are the materials used. Thus, while in drawing the pigments are generally dry (pencil, chalk, pen), in painting the inks are liquid.
However, it is worth noting that with the development of society and consequently of the concept of art, these differences have been attenuated, since there are currently ample painting techniques, mainly expressed by art digital.
know What is Art?
Rock painting
The oldest known paintings are called rock art. They were designed by many peoples of antiquity and were usually made on cave walls. In this sense, it is important to highlight the need of primitive man to externalize his world.
Certainly, the pigments in the paintings and the materials used were quite different from what we use today. In prehistory, the materials most used to draw and paint the walls were stones, blood, mixed vegetables, among others.
Figurative Painting
Figurative painting (or figurative painting) is one in which we notice the presence of forms from nature, whether men, objects, vegetation. Figurative paintings were already produced by prehistoric men, who represented scenes of struggle, hunting and rituals.
Therefore, based on copies of the various representations of nature, the figurative art followed the evolution of society reaching its decline in the twentieth century, with the introduction of abstractionism. However, it continues to be widely produced in all corners of the world.
Abstract painting
In abstract painting, pictorial art is determined by the absence of forms in nature. Unlike figurative painting, in which we find the known forms, in the abstractionism painting is non-representational, being basically formed by lines and colors.
Although this style has been found in prehistoric paintings, it was in the 20th century with avant-garde movements that abstractionism reached its apogee.
Body Painting and Body Art
Body Paint (Body Painting) is a type of artistic expression where the “canvas” used by the artist is the body. This type of painting is very old, as it was used by many peoples of antiquity.
In many cultures, in addition to beauty, other purposes are found for body painting, for example, to identify hierarchy, gender, age.
Likewise, the body art (Body Art) uses the body as a support for artistic creation. This style gained strength in the 20th century in the United States, spreading around the world.
Painting Techniques
The main painting techniques are:
- Watercolor
- Fresco
- Oil painting
- temper paint
- acrylic paint painting
- Mural
For a more spontaneous and informal type of art from an academic point of view, read Naive art.
Read too Muralism and Types of Art.
