The climate of the southern region of Brazil it is predominantly temperate with influence from the subtropical climate in the north of the region.. The seasons of the year are quite different in this region of the country, where frost and even snow events are not rare, whose occurrence depends on the relief.
The southern region is the coldest in the country, especially in the highland region located in Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina.
In Paraná, especially in the north, the climate is tropical and semi-humid, making most of the year concentrated in the summer season. Curitiba, capital of the state of Paraná, is considered the coldest capital in the country, with an average annual temperature of 18 °C.
In other states, the stations are well defined and are influenced by the geographic position.
Read too:
- Brazil climates
- Types of Climate
Relief
The relief is among the climatic factors that most influence the climate of the southern region.
The average temperature varies between 14ºC and 22ºC. In regions above 1.1 thousand meters above the sea, it remains around 10º. It reaches 24th in the regions of the Paraná, Paranapanema, Ibicuí and Jacuí rivers.
In the lower regions, such as the valleys, the temperature can reach 40ºC in summer. The same happens on the coast.
In the lower regions, the subtropical climate predominates. In the central portion of Paraná and in the region of the mountains of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, temperatures tend to fall below 0ºC, with the appearance of frost and snow.
The temperature reaches 10ºC in regions with altitudes above 1,100 meters and remains on average between 20ºC and 22ºC throughout the year.
In the plateau regions, the annual average ranges between 24ºC and 27ºC, while in the lower regions they remain between 30ºC and 32ºC.
Southern Vegetation
The vegetation of the South Region is composed of three main types of vegetation:
The Atlantic Forest, which covers the Serra do Mar, is present throughout the state of Paraná, Santa Catarina and in the north of Rio Grande do Sul.
The Mata das Araucárias, where the presence of this tree also known as Paraná Pine is predominant.
The Pampa is an extensive plain that dominates the southern landscape of Rio Grande do Sul. The fields of Rio Grande do Sul are composed of undergrowth and shrub pastures.
Learn more about the South Region:
- South region
- southern states
- South Region Culture
- Exercises on Climates in Brazil
