To understand the importance of ConfederationofEcuador, it is necessary to recall a little of the context of the institution of the empire in Brazil. You must remember that, after the Independence of Brazil, decreed by Prince D. Pedro in 1822, began the process of building the imperial institutions that made D. Pedro Emperor of Brazil. A Constituent Assembly was then called to build a model of empire in which powers were balanced.
However, in 1824, D. Pedro dissolved the Constituent Assembly and delegated to a Council of State the elaboration of a Constitution, which was granted by him without any interference from other powers or legal representatives. One of the elements of the Constitution, the Moderating Power, inspired by the ideas of the French intellectual Benjamin Constant, aroused special antipathy from opponents. This gesture of authoritarian features ended up inflaming the spirits of political factions far from the court that, since the time of D. João VI, wanted to break with the central political power. This was the case in Pernambuco.
In 1817, the so-called RevolutionPernambuco, which defended separatist ideas and demanded the independence of Pernambuco and the institution of a republican regime. One of the participants in this 1817 revolt was Friarmug. Well, in 1824, the same Frei Caneca, grouped with other Pernambuco leaders, such as CyprianCockroach, began to take a strong stand against the authoritarian measures of D. Peter I.
The two names mentioned above were associated with other leaders of Pernambuco, such as the walks, who previously supported the Empire and the circle of bureaucrats. The Andradas used the newspaper the Tamoio to launch his criticisms against the emperor and spread new political ideas. Cipriano Barata and Frei Caneca used newspapers Freedom Sentinel and Pernambucano typhus, respectively, to attack the Empire.
Cipriano was arrested and taken to Rio de Janeiro, while Frei Caneca continued to inflame the newspaper pages with his rhetoric. the trigger for the proclamation of the Confederation of Ecuador, however, came with the appointment of a governor for the Province of Pernambuco who represented everything the insurgents repudiated. The leader of the revolt, ManuelinOak, he then proclaimed the Confederation on July 2, 1824.
See what the historian Boris Fausto pointed out in his book “A História do Brasil”:
The Confederation of Ecuador was supposed to bring together under federative and republican form, in addition to Pernambuco, the provinces of Paraíba, Rio Grande, Ceará and, possibly, Piauí and Pará. The uprising had a markedly urban and popular content, differing from the broad regional front, with the leadership of landowners and some merchants, who had characterized the Revolution of 1817. [1]
The Confederation, despite having ample ballast, mainly in Pernambuco, did not resist for a long time, given that there was no military power to fight the imperial forces. Its leaders ended up dead on the gallows, with the exception of Friar Caneca, who was shot – because the executioner in charge of applying the gallows refused to do it on a man dedicated to the Church.
GRADES:
[1] FAUSTO, Boris. history of Brazil. São Paulo: EDUSP, 2013. P. 132.
By Me. Cláudio Fernandes