The main focus of the History exams of the National High School Examination (Enem) is Brazil.
The discipline appears within the "Human Sciences and its Technologies" which encompass Geography, Sociology, Philosophy and Arts.
Therefore, what you learn in the sociology class will serve to answer a history question and vice versa.
Although Brazil is the most demanded topic, it is important not to forget to review topics such as Revolution French, Industrial Revolution, ideologies such as fascism and communism, as they also tend to fall into And either.
Also, topics of African history as well as history and historiography have appeared in the exams.
We have prepared a short script for you to know which subjects are usually charged and the strengths that should be studied. Let's start?
History of Brazil in Enem
History of Brazil is the most demanded topic in Enem and practically all periods are covered with a question.
Generally, story questions bring text or images. Therefore, read the statement first to direct your gaze and look for the answer.
It is necessary to use the interpretive capacity to answer the questions well and relate the historical period with the information found in the text.
If you don't understand a word, don't worry. Try to understand the general context of the message and not the specific one.
Brazil Colony in Enem
The colonial period usually addressed issues related to social organization, indigenous and black slavery, in addition to the economy.
Sugar economy, native rebellions, Dutch invasion and attempts at independence also often appear.
However, more than dates, always bear in mind the general picture, the historical context of each period and thus, the content will be clearer.
Be sure to click here and learn more about the topics:
| Theme | What are you studying |
|---|---|
| Brazil Colony | Occupation and economy of the territory by the Portuguese. |
| Dutch Invasions | Changes brought about with the occupation of the Dutch in the northeast. |
| Gold Cycle | Gold exploration, administrative transformations during the gold cycle in Minas Gerais. |
| Indigenous Slavery in Colonial Brazil | Ways of using indigenous slave labor in colonial times. |
Brazil Empire in Enem
The period of the Brazil Empire ranges from the proclamation of Independence in 1822 to the Republican Coup in 1889.
Enem usually addresses political concepts of national formation, citizenship and the struggles between the different forces that emerged to dominate the country.
Features of the Constitution of 1824, the War of Cisplatine and the maintenance of slavery after political emancipation may appear in the evidence.
Some questions can bring comparisons with the process of independence of Latin American countries and Brazil. So, when studying this topic, use timelines and comparative charts to improve your understanding of the topic.
Would you like to know more ?
| Theme | What are you studying |
|---|---|
| Brazil Empire | Political and administrative formation of the imperial period. |
| Independence of Brazil | Brazil's political emancipation process and its different projects. |
| first reign | Political, economic and cultural characteristics of the First Reign in Brazil. |
| Constitution of 1824 | Development and aspects of the first Brazilian Magna Carta. |
Second Reign in Enem
The issue of slavery and the formation of an Afro-Brazilian identity has increasingly been raised in Enem.
Stay tuned for the current black movement, in the manifestations and claims of this collective. Currently, the candidate must know how to relate a fact from the past with present events.
Characteristics of the reign of Dom Pedro II such as the Paraguayan War or the beginning of industrialization in Brazil can also generate good questions in Enem.
You can be interested and study here:
| Theme | What are you studying |
|---|---|
| second reign | Political and economic aspects of the reign of Dom Pedro II. |
| Paraguay War | Causes and consequences of the South American conflict. |
| Abolition of Slavery in Brazilthere | Laws and projects around the abolition of slavery. |
| Industrialization in Brazil | First factories, workers and divergence of interests in Brazil. |
Republican Period in Enem
Enem focuses on various aspects of republican history such as the state oligarchies, the Getúlio Vargas government and the military dictatorship.
The social and economic transformations in Brazil are addressed as well as the struggle of the working class for better working conditions. Social upheavals like the Straw War, a Vaccine Revolt, a Contested War and many others, can be used to make the candidate think about the Brazilian socio-political context.
Be sure to make connections with the sociology classes and the debates in the philosophy classes that help a lot to answer this type of question.
In the same way, artistic movements are used to address themes from this era such as the creation of national identity. The Week of Modern Art and 20th century art schools are usually charged in this way.
Understand more about this topic:
| Theme | What are you studying |
|---|---|
| First Republic | Political characteristics and popular revolts that took place in the period. |
| new state | The Vargas government and its anti-democratic aspect, labor laws and Brazil in World War II. |
| It was Vargas | The changes brought about with the Revolution of 1930 and the displacement of regional elites from the Brazilian political center. |
Military Dictatorship (1964-1985) at Enem
The military period has an important place in Enem.
The questions can comment on both the coup d'etat and the mechanisms for the military to remain in power.
Focus your readings on the changes brought by this regime to Brazil, on the struggles for the country's redemocratization, on the relationship between art and censorship, and on the military's economic policy.
Want to know more? Click on this list:
| Theme | What are you studying |
|---|---|
| 1964 Military Coup | The interruption of the Brazilian democratic process in the 60s. |
| Military dictatorship | Political and economic characteristics of military governments. |
| 1967 Constitution | Aspects of the Magna Carta promulgated during the military regime. |
| Redemocratization of Brazil | The process of the return of democracy in Brazil, its main actors and demands. |
History, Memory and Historiography in Enem
Today, the discipline of History is looked at with a more critical eye.
This theme can appear addressing themes of Brazilian history as well as general history. So, reflect on the importance of preserving old buildings, which mean symbols such as a country's flag and anthem.
Equally important is the use of narratives to privilege one side of the story and deny the other. The candidate must take a stand on the type of side that was privileged in a historical narrative.
In this type of question, the most important will be your interpretive capacity.
See too:Enem: everything you need to know
General History in Enem
The themes of General History occupy about 20% of the questions in history, a not negligible number, as each point is decisive for achieving the dream of entering university.
Therefore, orient your studies towards themes that brought great changes to humanity, such as the achievement of rights in Ancient Rome or the struggle for equality during the French Revolution.
Another important theme is the Industrial Revolution, as it was a large process that brought important socioeconomic changes across the planet.
History of America and History of Africa also always come up with at least one question. Be sure to study them as this can mean the difference between going to college or not.
Check below how these themes are charged on Enem
Ancient Rome in Enem
Traditionally, most Brazilian entrance exams did not contemplate questions of ancient history. Enem is not different either.
However, in some tests the socioeconomic characteristics of the Roman Empire fell. Also, carefully study the art in this period, as the board likes to use this theme for their questions.
Study more about this subject:
| Theme | What are you studying |
|---|---|
| Ancient Rome | Formation of the kingdom, republic and Roman empire. |
| Roman Empire | Economic, political and territorial conquests aspects of the Roman Empire. |
| Roman art | Painting and sculpture developed by the Romans. |
Feudalism in Enem
Feudal society and the transition to the Modern Age are often a requested topic within General History issues.
Try to learn its most important cultural and political aspects, the transition from feudal economy to capitalism and the centralization of power.
Continue to study:
| Theme | What are you studying |
|---|---|
| Feudalism | Transition from the Roman Empire and consolidation of the feudal system. |
| feudal society | Formation and characteristics of feudal society. |
| Transition from Feudalism to Capitalism | Differences between the two social and political systems and their historical implications. |
French Revolution in Enem
This topic is one of the most charged of Enem. It is worth dedicating yourself to the sociopolitical events and consequences brought about by this event.
Also the Enlightenment is always remembered in the tests. thinkers like Rousseau and Montesquieu they were already the subject of questions where they were asked to relate their ideas to the facts unfolding in revolutionary France.
Be sure to click here and learn more about the topics:
| Theme | What are you studying |
|---|---|
| Enlightenment | Philosophical ideas based on science and the news brought about in the political and economic fields. |
| French Revolution | Process of change and continuity in eighteenth-century France. |
| Terror in the French Revolution | Facts about the most troubled period of the French revolutionary process. |
| National Constituent Assembly in the French Revolution | Formation of French laws that replaced those of the Ancien Regime. |
Industrial Revolution in Enem
The causes and consequences of this mode of production allow the student to reflect on various themes: emergence of the working class, consumerism, destruction of natural resources, new means of transport and among others.
Therefore, this subject can be contemplated in different aspects. It is a topic that is also very much discussed in Geography and it is advisable to pay extra attention in class to extract as much information as possible about it.
Read more about these topics:
| Theme | What are you studying |
|---|---|
| Industrial Revolution | Transition from artisanal to industrial production mode. |
| Causes of the Industrial Revolution | Analysis of the factors that allowed this change. |
| Consequences of the Industrial Revolution | Social and economic impact of the industrial mode of production. |
| Phases of the Industrial Revolution | Main stages of the industrial mode of production. |
Political Ideologies in Enem
In times of political change like the current one, it is useful to know what was fascism, communism, socialism, Nazism, anarchism and other ideologies that emerged with the organization of workers in the late nineteenth century and beginning of the XX.
Make use of comparative charts and watch movies about the theme. Fiction helps to fix concepts that may seem difficult at first, as well as being a way to relax.
To learn more, read here:
| Theme | What are you studying |
|---|---|
| Fascism | Aspects of the right-wing ideology that emerged in Italy in the 20th century. |
| Communism | Characteristics of communism and its main currents. |
| Nazism | Particularities of Nazism and its rise in Germany in the 20th century. |
| Anarchism | Politics, economy and society from the anarchist point of view. |
| Socialism | Society according to socialist ideas and its main thinkers. |
History of America in Enem
The issues of American history are mainly about the process of colonization and emancipation in Latin America.
Likewise, military dictatorships and social movements may be accompanied by comparisons with the history of Brazil.
Therefore, make summaries and read about the two themes in the same week to facilitate your understanding of the same.
Search about this subject:
| Theme | What are you studying |
|---|---|
| Latin America | Historical aspects of the formation of the Latin American continent. |
| Spanish colonization | Territorial occupation of Latin America by the Spaniards, economic activities and political administration. |
| Independence of Spanish America | Political emancipation process in Latin America and its worldwide consequences. |
History of Africa in Enem
The history of the African continent has found more and more space. Themes such as colonization, decolonization, cultural identity, African diaspora are very requested topics.
As already mentioned, it is a theme that appears linked to the history of Brazil and, therefore, it is convenient to study both subjects simultaneously.
Take advantage of Geography classes to absorb as much information as possible, as these topics are also given in this discipline.
Start your study here:
| Theme | What are you studying |
|---|---|
| precolonial Africa | Characteristics of the African continent before European colonization. |
| Africa Sharing | Division of African territory by European powers. |
| Imperialism in Africa | Particularities of the African occupation in the 19th century. |
| Afro-Brazilian Culture | Influences of African culture in Brazil and its fusion with indigenous and European elements. |
There is more about Enem for you:
- Subjects that most fall in Enem
- Enem questions
- Simulated Enem (questions commented by experts)
- Brazilian History Questions in Enem
- Human Sciences and its Technologies
- News that may fall on Enem
- History Questions in Enem
