first aid is immediate and provisional interventions which are intended to maintain the vital functions of an individual victim of an accident, injured, suddenly ill or in danger of life, until he receives specialized assistance. You first aid is essential in many cases to save a lifeTherefore, everyone should have a basic understanding of how to act in certain situations.
It is worth noting that in any situation, it is important for the rescuer to remain calm, keep the onlookers away and ensure that expert help will arrive by calling or asking someone to call emergency services. It is also important that help is provided when you have the proper preparation, as some maneuvers can harm the victim more. If you are not able to help effectively, help the victim in other ways, seeking help and helping the rescuer, for example.
→ Useful telephone numbers in case of emergency
SAMU – 192
Fire Department - 193
Military police - 190
Dial-Intoxication (ANVISA) - 0800-722-6001
Civil defense - 199
→ First aid in cases of poisoning
At poisoning can occur from ingestion or inhalation of certain substances. Severe poisoning can lead to death if the victim is not treated immediately. In cases of intoxication, it is recommended to leave the victim at rest, not to stimulate vomiting and refer him to the doctor.
Read too: Toxic Plants
→ First aid in case of fractures
At fractures can be defined as the loss of bone continuity. and can be classified into exposed or closed. In open fractures, the skin is broken and it is possible to see the bone; while in the closed one, the skin does not break.
In case of fracture, it is important to immobilize the site.
In case of fractures, whether exposed or not, one should immobilize the limb and never try to replace the fractured bone in its correct place. In the case of open fractures, bleeding should also be controlled using a handkerchief or a clean cloth, which should be placed over the site and pressed. Transporting a person with a fracture should only be done after immobilizing the site. In case of neck or back fracture, the movement should not be done.
Read too: Fracture, sprain and dislocation
→ First aid in case of fainting
O fainting is a transient loss of consciousness and usually do not constitute a situation that can be considered life threatening. Generally, the consequences of fainting are injuries from the fall, so when you realize that a person will faint, it is important to place them in a place where there will be no risk.
In case of fainting, it is important to lay the victim down and raise the lower limbs.
To prevent fainting, the person can be placed seated with the heads between the knees or else can lay this person. In case of fainting, it is important lay the victim and raise your lower limbs. Clothes should be loosened, and the victim should be placed in an airy place.
→ First aid in case of choking
Choking is a relatively common situation and occurs when some food or object blocks the airways. This condition is serious and can lead to death from suffocation if there is no prompt help.
The Heimlich Maneuver can be used in case of choking.
In case of choking, the first step is to calm the victim and have him try to maintain control of his breathing. Later, you can try the technique known as Heimlich maneuver, in which the rescuer stands behind the victim and places an arm around the victim's abdomen.
One of the hands is closed over the region popularly known as the pit of the stomach and the other is over the first, compressing it. The rescuer should make inward and upward squeezing movements. This movement must be performed until the victim eliminates the foreign body.
→ First aid in case of burns
Burns can be classified into whatburnsfirst degree, second degree and third degree, this classification being related to the depth of damage. in the burn of first degree, just hereoutermost love of the skin (epidermis) is affected. in the high school, both the epidermis and the dermis are affected. in the third gradeu, the tissue below the skin is also affected.
In case of burns, it is important to cool the area.
In case of burns, it is necessary initially remove the person from the area close to the heat source. Later, in milder cases, it is recommended cool the burn site using running water at room temperature or compresses with saline solution until the burn area is cooled.
It is important never to use homemade substances or products in the injured area that have not been recommended by the doctor. Also, in case of bubbles appearing, it is important never to pop them. In case of extensive burns, it is necessary to seek medical help quickly.
→ First aid in case of a seizure
Seizures are epileptic seizures in which the individual's motor system is affected. In these cases, body spasms, abundant salivation, loss of consciousness, paleness and bluish lips are common.
In case of witnessing a seizure, some precautions must be taken with the victim. First of all, it is necessary to move away from the place any objects that could hurt her. Afterwards it is important to place it on its side, loosen its clothes and remove objects such as watches and bracelets. You must then wait for the crisis to pass and, if it takes longer than 5 minutes, call the emergency service.
ATTENTION:Remember that omitting help in our country is considered a crime. According to Decree-Law No. 2,848, of December 7, 1940, we have to:
Art. 135 - Failure to provide assistance, when possible to do so without personal risk, to an abandoned or lost child, or to an invalid or injured person, to helplessness or in grave and imminent danger; or not to ask, in these cases, for the help of the public authority:
Feather - detention, from one to six months, or fine.
Single paragraph - The penalty is increased by half if the omission results in bodily harm of a serious nature, and tripled if it results in death.
