It is very common to hear about the fauna and the flora, still, many people don't know how to differentiate these two terms. Next, we will answer all your questions about this important subject.
→ Fauna
Fauna is the name given to the set of animals who live in a particular region. At the thick, for example, we find species such as the maned wolf, the wild dog and the giant armadillo composing the local fauna. In total there are about 2500 vertebrate species in this important biome.
The fauna of a region is always well adapted to the environment in which it finds itself. O Guara wolf, for example, survives in the Cerrado because it finds in that environment the food and shelter necessary for its development. If placed in the Amazon Forest region, it would not have the same chances of survival, as it is not adapted to the conditions in that region.
Therefore, it is clear that fauna is directly related to the environment. If we destroy an area, we put all the animals in that region at risk because we destroy their habitat. That's why habitat destruction is one of the biggest causes of declining biodiversity on our planet.
→ Flora
The set of plants in an area is called flora
Flora is the name given to the set of vegetable that develop in a particular area. Buriti, peki, Jatobá, Ipê and Angico are examples of plants that make up, for example, the Cerrado flora. In this biome alone, there are about 10 thousand plant species, of which 4,400 are endemic, that is, they are only found, naturally, in this region.
Flora, as well as fauna, also suffers from the action of man. The destruction of large areas for the expansion of pasture and even for the construction of houses actively affects plant species, which, unlike animals, cannot at least look for a new area to develop.
→ Brazilian fauna and flora
The Brazilian fauna and flora unfortunately have a large list of endangered species, that is, species that run the risk of disappearing completely from our planet. This risk is directly related to human action, which pollutes and destroys environments, in addition to hunting and extensively exploiting our natural resources.
In 2014, ICMBio (Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation) evaluated and found that, of the 12,256 species analyzed, including vertebrates and invertebrates, 1,173 are threatened. With regard to flora, the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden managed to identify 46,097 species in the Brazilian flora and evaluated 5195, of which 2,479 were considered threatened with extinction.
By Ma. Vanessa dos Santos