At the end of World War II (1945), the Cold War began, a dispute for world hegemony between the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. It was an intense ideological, economic, diplomatic and technological war for the conquest of zones of influence, which established the division of the world into two blocks, with divergent economic, political and ideological systems: the so-called capitalist bloc, led by the United States, and the communist bloc, led by the Union Soviet. This dispute directly influenced the policies of several countries, including Brazil.
After World War II, Brazil joined the capitalist bloc, however, from 1961 onwards, the President João Goulart (Jango) has developed a foreign policy independent of the support of the superpowers of the Cold War. Jango strengthened the union, student, peasant and popular movements. In addition to these facts, the then president promoted a political rapprochement between Brazil and the Soviet Union, which triggered friction with the political, economic and military leaders of Brazil.
In February 1964, Jango announced the basic reforms, which consisted of a set of social reforms that included agrarian reform. His policy greatly concerned the Brazilian bourgeois class and US investors, this climate was conducive to a coup d'etat. On March 31, 1964, the president was deposed in a military coup that had decisive support from the Brazilian conservative elite and the United States Intelligence Agency (CIA).
A military dictatorship was installed in Brazil that ruled the country for two decades (1964 – 1985), this period was characterized by the censorship of the press, cultural and social movements, repression of opponents of the military regime, institutionalization of torture, among others factors.
By Wagner de Cerqueira and Francisco
Graduated in Geography
Brazil School Team
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Cold War
The conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union.
General geography - geography - Brazil School
Source: Brazil School - https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/geografia/o-brasil-na-guerra-fria.htm
