Potential energy is the energy that is "stored" in a given body and that can give you the ability to do a job, that is, to be transformed into kinetic energy.
In the formula of potential energy, this is represented by U or Ep, and its unit, according to the International System of Units, must be the joule (J).
Potential energy can manifest at any time in the form of movement. But for energy storage to occur, the body needs to be associated with a physical system, such as the strength weight Or the elastic force, for example.
Learn more about meaning of Kinetic Energy.
Gravitational Potential Energy
Consists of the energy of the object that is under influence of a gravitational field. This type of potential energy is measured by the work done by the body's weight going from a starting to a finishing position.
For example, when you pick up a ball and raise it to a certain height from the ground, at this highest point the object reaches the peak of its potential energy (energy that is stored). When the ball is released and begins to fall (attracted by the gravitational force), the potential energy previously stored is transformed into kinetic energy, while the sphere gains movement.
THE gravitational potential energy formula is: EPg = mgh.
m = weight
g = force of gravity
h = height
Elastic Potential Energy
Based on the mechanical force, the elastic potential energy is the one that is stored from the deformation of a spring or elastic, for example.
This deformation, when released, can generate movement that will propel a given body.
For example, an arrow when positioned on a bow. When the line supporting the projectile is pulled back, it is charged with potential energy. elastic, from the moment the line is released, energy is transmitted to the moving arrow.
THE elastic potential energy formula is: EPe = kx2/2.
k = constant of elastic force
x = length of elastic force (measurement of deformation)
