Pathology it is the study of structural, biochemical and functional changes in cells, tissues and organs, which aims to explain the mechanisms by which the signs and symptoms of diseases appear.
The word "pathology" literally means "disease study" and originates from the Greek, where pathos = disease and logos = study.
However, "pathology" is also used synonymously with disease.
In medicine, pathology is divided into:
- General pathology: Study of reactions to abnormal stimuli that occur in all cells and tissues;
- Systemic or Special Pathology: Study of the specific reactions of each tissue or organ to a given aggression.
See also:meaning of pathophysiology.
Clinical pathology
Clinical pathology is the medical specialty responsible for attributing, identifying and quantifying the presence of abnormal substances, cells, molecules and elements in blood, urine, faeces and other biological liquids.
Pathologic anatomy
Pathological anatomy is the medical specialty responsible for attributing and analyzing the alterations caused by the most varied diseases in cells and tissues.
Surgical Pathology
Surgical pathology is the analysis of solid surgical specimens, aiming to detect changes in their cells and tissues.
cytopathology
Cytopathology is the analysis of bodily fluids and secretions, which aims to assess the presence of cellular changes.
Pathology of Buildings (Civil Construction)
Building pathology is the science that studies the origins, causes, mechanisms of occurrence, manifestations and consequences of situations in which buildings or their parts fail to show minimum performance pre-set.