liquid effluents are polluting substances that released into nature without proper treatment, cause serious damage to the ecosystem of rivers, lakes, streams and oceans.
Liquid effluents come from sanitary sewers, industries, dumps, polluted rainwater networks and agriculture, resulting from human activity in nature.
One of the most polluting liquid effluents is sanitary sewage or domestic effluent, which characterizes the waste from any building that has a bathroom or kitchen. If left untreated and thrown into rivers, lakes and the sea, domestic effluent consumes oxygen in its decomposition process, causing fish to die. Phosphorus and nitrogen, present in these wastes, when in high concentration, cause the algae proliferation, impairing the respiration of aquatic species, causing imbalance environmental.
Industrial liquid effluents
Industrial liquid effluents are residues from industrial activities, which are released into the environment. These waters have chemical, physical and biological characteristics that vary according to the branch of activity of each industry.
Industrial liquid effluents come from the manufacturing process of various products, from washing of tanks, pipes, equipment, floors, the cooling process and steam generators etc. These waters become impregnated by residues or the loss of thermal energy, originating contaminated products that must be treated before being returned to the springs.
Treatment of liquid effluents
The treatment of liquid effluents from each industry must comply with regional environmental legislation. The treatment is based on the transformation of dissolved and suspended pollutants into inert gases and/or sedimentable solids for subsequent separation of solid and liquid phases.
The treatment system must be used with the objective of avoiding the degradation of nature, since these waters will be released back to nature.
The treatment of domestic effluents consists of removing physical, chemical and biological pollutants. The aeration tanks are one of the depollution systems, where sewage is treated and in many cases taken to the sea through submarine outfalls.