In a ceremony held at the Planalto Palace this Thursday, February 16, President Michel Temer sanctioned the provisional measure (MP) that reformulates secondary education. MP No. 746, of September 22, 2016, had already been approved in the Chamber of Deputies, at the end of last year, and in the Senate, on the last day 8.
The Minister of Education, Mendonça Filho, highlighted that “the new high school will provide more prominence for young people and more opportunities for them in the professional and educational point of view.” Mendonça Filho also stated that the new high school will be more attractive and will improve the quality of the education.
President Temer said that the reform is important for the modernization of the country and believes that, currently, the approval of Brazilians in relation to the reform of secondary education is 100%.
protests
Despite the optimistic speech of President Michel Temer, the nearly six months of proceedings for the MP for High School were marked by protests from students and education professionals. They complained mainly about the lack of dialogue from the Federal Government and the fact that the reform was given through a provisional measure.
At the end of last year, the attorney general of the Republic, Rodrigo Janot, issued an opinion to the Supreme Court (STF) considering the unconstitutional provisional measure. According to the prosecutor, the MP “is not an adequate instrument for structural reforms in public policies, even less in a crucial sphere for the country's development, such as education”.
The prosecutor also cited in his opinion that the provisional measure "overwhelms the technical effort and management of the Ministry of Education itself (MEC), in dialogue with numerous experts and with the community, throughout years old". For Janot, education reforms need debate, maturity, stability and legal security.
what will change
In short, the reform of secondary education increases school hours, with the implementation of full-time schools, divides secondary education into a Common National Curriculum Base (BNCC) and five specific areas, allows schools to hire teachers without a bachelor's degree to teach in technical and vocational subjects, among others. changes.
Workload
The minimum annual workload of high school will be increased, in five years, from 800 to 1,000 hours. After that, the goal will be 1,400 hours a year, without a fixed deadline.
To meet the increased workload, the Federal Government instituted the Policy to Promote the Implementation of Secondary Schools in Time Integral, which provides for the transfer of R$ 1.5 billion over two years to implement schools full-time in the states and in the District Federal. The expectation is to enroll 500,000 young people full-time by 2018.
New format
The new high school will be divided into two parts, whose contents will be taught in parallel. Most, 60% of the workload, will be formed by the Common National Curriculum Base (BNCC). The remaining workload (40%) will consist of specific areas: Languages and their Technologies; Science of Nature and its Technologies; Applied Human and Social Sciences; Mathematics and its Technologies; and Technical and Professional Training.
The content of the BNCC will be defined by the middle of this year by the National Council of Education, after hearing the National Council of Education Secretaries (Consed) and the National Union of Education Leaders (Undime).
Subjects
All 13 subjects of the old model will be able to enter the BNCC (arts, physical education, Portuguese, mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, geography, history, philosophy, sociology, Spanish and English). Among these subjects, Portuguese, Mathematics and English will be the only ones required throughout high school. In addition, English is also mandatory from the sixth year of elementary school.
The disciplines of Arts, Physical Education, Philosophy and sociology will be mandatory in the BNCC. The initial text of the secondary education reform excluded these subjects from the mandatory ones, which generated protests from students and professors.
teachers
The new law allows schools hire teachers without a bachelor's degree to teach subjects in the technical and vocational part of the curriculum. A civil engineer can teach in the technical course in Buildings, for example. Traditional subjects such as mathematics, physics, sociology and chemistry will continue to require a full licentiate degree.
Credits
The new high school format will also allow it to be organized in modules and for schools to adopt the credit system or subjects with specific terminality, in order to encourage the continuation of the studies. These credits may be used to take courses in higher education.
Is it already on?
The law is valid from its sanction, but schools need to wait for the definition of the BNCC content to implement the changes. After the publication of the BNCC, education systems will have the following academic year to establish the schedule for the implementation of the main changes in the Law and start the new high school from the second school year.
Source: Brazil School - https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/noticias/lei-que-reformula-ensino-medio-sancionada-por-michel-temer/3123343.html
