The climates in the world are quite diverse, coming from the varied air masses, geographic location, among others. At least ten climates are classified in the world, the main ones are:
Equatorial: it has average temperatures above 25°C; hot and humid climate, with annual rainfall above 2000 mm.
Tropical: temperature ranging from 20°C in winter and 25°C in summer, with two well-defined seasons, one dry and one rainy.
Subtropical: it has average temperatures between 15°C and 20°C in summer, and in winter the averages vary between 0°C and 10°C, rains well distributed.
Oceanic: receives influence from the oceans and seas, making winters less severe.
Continental: it hardly receives any influence from the oceans, it has a harsher winter.
Mediterranean: it has rainy winters and hot summers, with four well-defined seasons.
Desert: average annual temperatures vary between 20°C and 30°C, rainfall rates do not exceed 250 mm per year.
Semiarid: characterized by high temperatures that can reach 32°C, rainfall rates are less than 600 mm annually and rainfall is irregular.
Cold (subpolar): it has annual rainfall rates varying, depending on the region, between 200 mm and 1000 mm, characteristics of a negative winter and summer with temperatures around 10°C.
Mountain cold: temperature determined by altitude, the higher the colder, even in tropical regions.
Polar: characterized by long winters and dry and short summers, annual temperatures always below zero, and marked presence of snow and ice.
Eduardo de Freitas
Graduated in Geography
Source: Brazil School - https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/geografia/climas-no-mundo.htm