One Black Hole is a region of space with a field gravitational so intense that not even the light manages to escape from within it. The intense gravity compresses matter untilwhatnothere ismorespace between the atoms. Celestial bodies of this nature may arise as a result of death ofstars supermassives.
Features
The scientific community believes that black holes have quite varied dimensions: the minors of them can even be the size of a singleatom. You bigger, in turn, may have rays of fewkilometers and millionsintimes The pastaofSun. Some astronomical observations have already provided strong evidence that the center of all big onesgalaxies it is occupied by a supermassive black hole. In the center of our galaxy, the Milky Way, there is one of these, and its name is Sagittarius A.
Do black holes “suck” everything around them?
Black holes don't "suck” everything around it, however, its gravitational field can trap distant stars and planets in spiral orbits. For something to actually be "sucked
” into a black hole, without any chance of escape, it is necessary to establish a distanceminimum to its center, called horizoninevents. At this distance, the escape velocity, that is, the minimum speed to escape a black hole is greater than the speed of light itself.Deformations in space-time
According to the theory of General Relativity, in Einstein, pasta bodies muchbig ones produce deformations at the space-time. This deformation is responsible for the large accelerationgravitational towards the center of these bodies.
Furthermore, the great deformation of space-time makes it curved, so that light propagating in the vicinity of black holes does not travel through a linestraight, but a trajectorycurvy, as the space itself in the region is deformed, giving rise to a phenomenon called lensgravitational.
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black hole appearance
THE first image of a black hole was unveiled on April 10, 2019 by the European Commission. The discovery was made by the Event Horizon telescope, a project that linked eight telescopes and had the collaboration of more than 200 researchers.
The revealed black hole was found at the center of the Messier 87, or M87 galaxy, at a distance of 53 million light years from Earth. It measures 40 billion kilometers in diameter, three million times the size of the Earth, and its mass is 6.5 billion times that of the Sun.
Credit: Event Horizon Telescope collaboration et al.
Before the discovery, black holes were only portrayed through animations and artistic conceptions. One of the artistic conceptions that came closest to reality was made by the film's art direction Interstellar through calculations made by the physicist Kipp Thorne, under the direction of Christophernolan.
When a black hole attracts the gaseous content of the atmosphere of a nearby star to itself, that gas gains a great centripetal acceleration around the black hole's center of mass. With the increase in rotation speed, the discoinaccretion. The gas present in the stars is full of electrical charges, which, when accelerated, produce electromagnetic waves of all possible wavelengths, including visible light. So, around an active black hole, he mustto be possible to observe regions very luminous, of formats complexes, because the great local gravity deforms the path taken by the light emitted by the rotating gases.
By Rafael Hellerbrock
Graduated in Physics
Would you like to reference this text in a school or academic work? Look:
HELERBROCK, Rafael. "What are black holes?"; Brazil School. Available in: https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/o-que-e/fisica/o-que-sao-buracos-negros.htm. Accessed on June 27, 2021.
Curiosities
Scientific explanation for black hole, radiation, Albert Einstein, death of stars, energy, nuclear fusion, very dense space body, mass, spin, electric charge.
