The current territory of Yemen is a consequence of the unification, on May 22, 1990, of the Arab Republic of Yemen (nation of strong Islamic tradition, which occupied the northern portion of the territory) with the Democratic Republic of Yemen, to the south and pro-capitalist. Yemen is located in the Middle East and borders Saudi Arabia (to the north), Oman (to the east), Bab el Strait. Manded, which separates it from Djibouti (to the south), besides being bathed by the Red Sea (to the west) and the Indian Ocean (to the south).
Its territory is mountainous and has the most fertile land in the Arabian Peninsula, as there are numerous sources of water in the country. These physical characteristics favor the development of agriculture.
The Yemeni economy has oil as its main activity. This product is responsible for more than 90% of the value of exports, however, the national oil reserves are modest compared to those of other countries in the region. Agriculture is another important element for the local economy. The fertile land, the great availability of water and regular rains provide favorable conditions for the cultivation of cereals, coffee, cotton and fruits.
The country has several socioeconomic problems. Almost half of the population lives below the poverty line, that is, on less than $1 a day. Unemployment is another aggravating factor, currently it affects 25% of the national workforce. This problem worsened in 1990, when about 850,000 Yemenis working in Saudi Arabia were expelled from the country, in retaliation for the position of the government of Yemen, which did not condemn the invasion of Kuwait by the Iraq.
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Environmental sanitation is provided for a reduced number of homes, a fact that reflects on the infant mortality rate – 56 deaths for every thousand children born alive. Malnutrition affects 32% of the population and illiteracy 41%.
Yemen Coat of Arms
Yemen data:
Territorial extension: 527,968 km².
Location: Middle East.
Capital: Sana.
Climate: Arid tropical (in the north) and tropical (in the south).
Government: Republic with mixed form of government.
Administrative division: 19 governorates.
Language: Arabic (official).
Religion: Islam 99%, other 0.9%, no religion 0.1%.
Population: 23,580,220 inhabitants. (Men: 11,922,786; Women: 11,657,434).
Ethnic Composition: 80% Yemeni Arabs, 20% Arabs, Africans and South Asians.
Demographic density: 44.6 inhab/km².
Average annual population growth rate: 2.86%.
Resident population in urban areas: 31.21%.
Population residing in rural areas: 68.79%.
Undernourished population: 32%.
Life expectancy at birth: 62 years.
Households with access to clean water: 66%.
Households with access to a health network: 46%.
Human Development Index (HDI): 0.439 (low).
Currency: Yemeni Rial.
Gross Domestic Product (GDP): 26.6 billion dollars.
GDP per capita: $950.
External relations: World Bank, IMF, UN.
By Wagner de Cerqueira and Francisco
Graduated in Geography
Brazil School Team
countries - geography - Brazil School
Would you like to reference this text in a school or academic work? Look:
FRANCISCO, Wagner de Cerqueira and. "Yemen"; Brazil School. Available in: https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/geografia/iemen.htm. Accessed on June 27, 2021.
