Located on the European continent, Estonia is one of the three Baltic countries (the other two are: Latvia and Lithuania). Its territory borders Russia (to the east), Latvia (to the south), the Gulf of Finland (to the north), in addition to being bathed by the Baltic Sea (to the west). The country has more than 800 islands, the largest being Saaremaa and Hiiumaa.
The Estonian population has several cultural characteristics similar to Finland. The nation made up the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), however, a plebiscite held in 1991 established the country's independence, obtained with 78% of the vote. On August 20 of the same year, the USSR recognized Estonia's autonomy, this being the date of the country's independence.
Unlike most nations of the extinct USSR, Estonia is not part of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). The country approached Finland and Sweden in trade relations.
Estonia has a solid economy, with the service sector being the most responsible for the national economy. The industrial sector is based on the processing, textile, telecommunications and automobile industries. The civil construction, commerce and communications segment are other important elements. The cultivation of potatoes and various vegetables are the main agricultural products in the country.
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Estonian Coat of Arms
Estonia data:
Territorial extension: 45,100 km².
Location: Europe.
Capital: Tallinn.
Climate: Temperate continental.
Government: Republic with mixed form of government.
Administrative Division: 15 counties.
Language: Estonian (official), Russian.
Religion: Christianity, 65.1% (no affiliation, 26%, Protestants, 17.2%, Orthodox, 16.4%, others, 5.5%), no religion, 24.4%, atheism, 10%, others, 0.5%.
Population: 1,340,263 inhabitants. (Men: 617,997; Women: 722,266).
Ethnic Composition: Estonians, 62%, Russians 30%, Ukrainians, 3%, Belarusians, 1.8%, Finns, 1.1%, others, 2.1%.
Demographic density: 29.7 inhab./km².
Average annual population growth rate: - 0.1%.
Population residing in urban areas: 69.45%.
Population residing in rural areas: 30.55%.
Undernourished population: less than 5%.
Life expectancy at birth: 71.3 years.
Households with access to drinking water: 100%.
Households with access to a health network: 95%.
Human Development Index (HDI): 0.812 (very high).
Currency: Estonian krone.
Gross Domestic Product (GDP): US$23 billion.
GDP per capita: 15,932 US$.
External relations: World Bank, IMF, WTO, UN, NATO, EU.
By Wagner de Cerqueira and Francisco
Graduated in Geography
Brazil School Team
countries - geography - Brazil School
