Hail is a phenomenon characterized by the precipitation of water in the solid state, that is, in the form of ice. These particles are transparent or translucent and vary in size and weight, the largest of which was recorded during a storm in Bangladesh: approximately 5 kg.
Hail is mainly formed in cumulonimbus clouds, which develop vertically and reach high altitudes. Water droplets enter these clouds and then are frozen due to thermal conditions (temperatures below 0°C). At that moment, the hail particles are formed and, through the air currents, they move, a fact that provides an increase in the “ice rocks”. When they reach a weight sufficient to overcome the air currents, hail is precipitated.
In some cases, hail particles are so small that they can reach the earth's ground in liquid form. This process depends on the conditions of humidity, weight and speed that the hail reaches. However, when the weather conditions are favorable for an intense hailstorm, the consequences can be disastrous.
Hail can destroy crops, cause trees to fall, shake the roof structure, damage the electrical network, smashing cars, knocking down advertising boards, triggering a series of traffic disturbances, etc. In case of hailstorms, it is advisable not to stay under trees or fragile roofs.
In Brazil, this phenomenon is more common in the southern region, especially in the state of Santa Catarina. On November 15, 2010, three cities in Santa Catarina were hit by hailstorms: Celso Ramos, Joaçaba and Chapecó. This event damaged around 150 homes, leaving more than 30 people homeless.
By Wagner de Cerqueira and Francisco
Graduated in Geography
Brazil School Team
