Brazil Empire in Enem
We know that the contents referring to the areas of humanities, that is, to the domains of the disciplines of History, Geography, Sociology and Philosophy, are contained in the And either, in the questions of Human Sciences and its Technologies. This is one of the fields of knowledge according to the National Curriculum Parameters (PCNs), on which Enem is based. In this field, the specific issues that address the area of History of Brazil tend to focus on content that offers great thematic use. Therefore, the period of BrazilEmpire, which corresponds to 67 years of our history, is one of the most explored.
As we know, this period is divided into three phases: o first reign, O Governing Periodit's the second reign. Each of these phases is explored in the Enem questions according to the “Skills” defined by the NCPs. There are five skills in total: 1) domain of differentlanguages (including non-verbal languages such as photographs, drawings, etc.); 2) understandLaw Suit
(cultural, social, political, etc.); 3) diagnose and faceproblemsreal; 4) ramp uparguments and 5) elaboratepropositionssolidarity. We will analyze here an issue from the 2015 Enem, in which the concern with the first two competences is clear.Question about Emperor D. Pedro II
Let's see:
Question 36 of the 2015 ENEM, Blue notebook, test 1
The question has as its central theme D. Pedro II, who was the most prominent historical figure in the Brazilian Empire period. His long stay in power (he effectively remained on the throne from 1840 to 1889 and, before that, had already become PrinceImperial, in 1831, at the age of six) began in 1840, when there was the famous coming of age coup, highlighted in the question header. This parliamentary coup marked the transition from the Regency phase to the Second Reign. As Pedro II was still quite young when he assumed the crown – he was then 15 years old –, those responsible by taking care of their image they had to, in the first years of their reign, produce a more mature appearance to the monarch.
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Leaving a full-grown and voluminous beard was one of the main resources for this, as well as the heroic posture, as can be seen in the images that the question presents. Anthropologist Lilia Moritz Schwarcz, in her book The Beards of the Emperor: D. Pedro II, a monarch in the tropics, reinforces this argument:
Therefore, in the images of the time, there was a tendency to characterize a more mature monarch, whose image should have been conveyed to exhaustion. The aim was to reach not only the immense national territory, but also the “civilized” nations abroad. Internally, through periodicals and public distribution, the aim was to unify a very large and dispersed country. [1]
Therefore, it is clear that the question does not require the student to only know the facts regarding the coup that enthroned D. Pedro II and the first years of the Second Reign, but that he can analyze the visual language, such as the images presented, and understand the process of political self-assertion of the young emperor through from them. All these features point toletter B as the correct one.
GRADES
[1] SCHWARCZ, Lilia Moritz. The Beards of the Emperor: D. Pedro II, a monarch in the tropics. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 1998. P. 125.
By Me. Cláudio Fernandes
Would you like to reference this text in a school or academic work? Look:
FERNANDES, Claudio. "Brazil Empire in Enem's Issues"; Brazil School. Available in: https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/historia/brasil-imperio-nas-questoes-enem.htm. Accessed on June 27, 2021.
