You oblique personal pronouns are those that refer to people's speech having complement function (not subject) in prayer. When the persons of the speech (1st, 2nd or 3rd person singular or plural) are the subject of prayer, it is the straight personal pronoun (I, you, he, we, you, they). In the case of personal pronouns obliques, these people do not assume the role of subject of the utterance, and yes of complement (often, of direct or indirect object, for example).
Read too: Treatment pronouns: what are they and when are they used?
What are the oblique personal pronouns?
oblique personal pronouns | |||
Atons |
Tonics |
||
Singular |
1ª |
me |
me, with me |
2ª |
you |
you, with you |
|
3ª |
you, the, the, if |
he, she, si, can |
|
Plural form |
1ª |
US |
us with us |
2ª |
you |
you with you |
|
3ª |
them, the, the, if |
they, they, themselves, can |
Use of oblique personal pronouns
As explained, the oblique personal pronouns are those that have complement function in prayers. See the examples:
He realized the task.
(Subject + verb + complement)
In this case, “he” is a straight personal pronoun and has the function of a subject. See what happens if we change the utterance order:
The task it was made by him.
(Subject + verbal phrase + complement)
Now, “the task” is the one who undergoes the executed action (“it was performed”), becoming the subject of the statement. The rest of the statement is the complement “for him”. In this case, “he” becomes an oblique pronoun.
When it comes to the preposition "with", it joins the pronouns, giving rise to the forms: "with me", "with you", "with you", “with us” and “with you”.
We already know that the oblique personal pronoun is the one that plays a complementary role in the utterance, let's then understand the difference between their two classifications: unstressed oblique pronouns and oblique pronouns tonics.
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tonic oblique pronouns
need to be accompanied by some preposition so that the statement makes sense. Note in the examples:
He said everything for you.
In this statement, the subject of the sentence “he” performed the action (“count”) to the complement “for you”, which represents the 2nd person singular. That is why, "you” is an oblique pronoun. As this pronoun is necessarily accompanied by the preposition “to”, it is a tonic oblique pronoun.
They turn it even U.S to find this out.
In the statement, the subject "they" will perform the action ("come"), and "we” assumes the function of complement of the utterance (“until us”), being, therefore, oblique pronoun. As it is accompanied by the preposition “until”, it is a tonic oblique pronoun.
We we can travel with them.
In the last statement, the subject "we" performs the action ("being able to travel"), "they” takes on the complement function and is accompanied by the preposition (“with”). Thus, “they” assumes the function of a stressed oblique pronoun.
Unaccented oblique pronouns
are those who do not come with a preposition. They are pronouns having a complement function. They do not need to be accompanied by a preposition for the meaning to be understood.
are the pronouns me, you, you, O, The, if, US, you, them, you, at, if.
Always remember that the pronouns must be in accordance with the number (singular or plural) and with the person (1st, 2nd or 3rd) of the speech to which they correspond.
Let's look at some examples:
Heyou said everything.
In the statement, the subject of the sentence "he" performed the action ("count") to the complement "you”, which represents the 2nd person singular. Therefore, “te” is an oblique pronoun. As no preposition is needed to accompany the pronoun, it is an unstressed oblique pronoun.
Is it over thereUS represented at the congress.
In the statement, “she” is the subject of the sentence that performed the action (“to represent”). The complement “US” is a pronoun that does not need a preposition, being oblique and unstressed.
they sighted-me walking around.
This time, there is an indeterminate subject in the utterance who performed an action (“to see”). The complement of the action is the 1st singular person who was seen by someone: "me”. As there is no need for a preposition to accompany the pronoun in this statement, it is an unstressed oblique pronoun. To learn more about this type of pronoun, read: Unaccented oblique pronouns.
Special forms of unstressed pronouns: o, a, os, as
The unstressed oblique pronouns "o", "a", "os" and "as" have some particularities:
→ When prefixed to the verb, presents itself in its common form. See the following examples:
- Who The praised for the good work?
- We do not O we saw it in the movies.
- He at encouraged during the championship.
→ When placed after the verb, linked to it by a hyphen, its form depends on the ending of the verb.
- If the verb ends in a vowel, the common form:
- The doctor accompaniedThe to the office.
- criticized-O severely.
- He heard-you very carefully.
→ If the verb ends in a nasal diphthong (for example, -ão, -õe) or in -m (ending with a nasal sound), the pronoun takes the form "no", "na", "us" or "nas":
- Please follow-at to the office.
- they criticized-at the severely.
- These flowers are mine. Put-in the in this vase, please.
→ If the verb ends in -r, -s or -z, these consonants are suppressed and the pronoun takes the form "lo", "la", "los" or "las":
- Capoeira is a sport. Practice-there is good for health.
- The content seemed complicated, but we explained itit several times.
- He's a great guy, always helps with the housework. Fan-la with much whimsy.
Placement of unstressed oblique pronouns
There are some conventions about the position that the pronoun occupies in relation to the verb. Depending on the context, it can be before the verb (proclysis), after the verb (enclisis) or, in more specific cases, in the middle of the verb (mesoclysis).
THE proclisis it occurs when, before the verb, some words “attract” the oblique pronoun. These words are usually other pronouns, prepositions, words with a negative meaning or even adverbs. THE enclisis it occurs when the verb starts the prayer or is in the gerund or in the affirmative imperative.
THE mesoclisis it usually occurs when the verb is conjugated in the future (both present and past tense), with no construction justifying the use of proclisis or enclisis. You can learn more about this content in the texts: pronominal placement and Pronominal placement in verbal phrases.
10 sentences with oblique pronouns
To fix this content, let's look at some sentences with oblique pronouns and their classifications:
- They The they listened to the end. (oblique unstressed pronoun)
- they wanted-at as the main star of the night. (oblique unstressed pronoun)
- You do not US told about it. (oblique unstressed pronoun)
- Me you I called yesterday but you don't me answered. (oblique unstressed pronoun)
- No US we see more so often. (oblique unstressed pronoun)
- I did everything I could per they. (stressed oblique pronoun)
- Let's go with me to the park? (stressed oblique pronoun)
- Have you already talked with Is it over there? (stressed oblique pronoun)
- They went without we. (stressed oblique pronoun)
- this gift is for you. (stressed oblique pronoun)
By Guilherme Viana
Portuguese teacher
